The Hotel Payload 2 campaign: Overview of NO, O and electron density measurements in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere

Author
Enell, Carl-Fredrik
Hedin, Jonas
Stegman, Jacek
Witt, Georg
Friedrich, Martin
Singer, Werner
Baumgarten, Gerd
Kaifler, B.
Hoppe, Ulf-Peter
Gustavsson, Björn
Brandstrom, U.
Khaplanov, Mikhail
Kero, Antti
Ulich, Thomas
Turunen, E.
Date Issued
2011
Keywords
TermsetEmneord::Ionosfæren
TermsetEmneord::Mesosfære
TermsetEmneord::Andøya rakettskytefelt
Permalink
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12242/436
https://ffi-publikasjoner.archive.knowledgearc.net/handle/20.500.12242/436
DOI
10.1016/j.jastp.2011.01.001
Collection
Articles
Description
Enell, Carl-Fredrik; Hedin, Jonas; Stegman, Jacek; Witt, Georg; Friedrich, Martin; Singer, Werner; Baumgarten, Gerd; Kaifler, B.; Hoppe, Ulf-Peter; Gustavsson, Björn; Brandstrom, U.; Khaplanov, Mikhail; Kero, Antti; Ulich, Thomas; Turunen, E.. The Hotel Payload 2 campaign: Overview of NO, O and electron density measurements in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 2011 ;Volum 73.(14-15) s. 2228-2236
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Abstract
The ALOMAR eARI Hotel Payload 2 (HotPay 2) rocket campaign took place at Andøya Rocket Range, Norway, in January 2008. The rocket was launched on January 31, 2008 at 19:14 UT, when auroral activity appeared after a long geomagnetically quiet period. In this paper we present an overview of the HotPay 2 measurements of upper mesospheric and lower thermospheric (UMLT) electron, atomic oxygen (O) and nitric oxide (NO) densities. [O] and [NO] were retrieved from a set of three photometers, Night-Time Emissions from the Mesosphere and Ionosphere (NEMI). Faraday rotation receivers on the rocket and the EISCAT UHF incoherent scatter radar provided simultaneous electron density profiles, whereas the ALOMAR Na lidar and meteor radar measured the temperature profile and wind. The aurora was also observed with ground-based imagers. The retrieved oxygen number density profile has a maximum at 89 km, some 10 km lower than expected from earlier measurements and modelled profiles based on climatological averages (such as the MSIS model), and the retrieved NO densities are also lower than the expected. Satellite measurements indicate that subsidence over the winter pole controlled the densities. Quantitative chemistry model results based on climatological average atmospheric density and temperature profiles were, therefore, not in good agreement with the measured profiles. The Hotel Payload 2 measurements thus confirm the importance of downward transport from the thermosphere into the winter polar vortex.
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